Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcome of pulmonary hypertension among admitted heart failure patients :Kamilu M Karaye, Hadiza Saidu, Mohammed S Bala, Isa A Yahaya, Annals of African Medicine

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2013 | Volume : 12 | Issue : 4 | Page : 197--204

Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcome of pulmonary hypertension among admitted heart failure patients

Kamilu M Karaye¹, Hadiza Saidu², Mohammed S Bala³, Isa A Yahaya⁴
¹ Department of Medicine; Bayero University; Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, PMB 3452, Kano, Nigeria
² Department of Medicine; Bayero University; Kano, Nigeria
³ Department of Medicine; Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, PMB 3452, Kano, Nigeria
⁴ Department of Chemical Pathology; Bayero University ; Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, PMB 3452, Kano, Nigeria

Correspondence Address:
Kamilu M Karaye
PO. Box 4445, Kano
Nigeria

Background: There is paucity of data in Africa on the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (PHT) and its impact on morbidity and short-term mortality in heart failure (HF) patients. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of PHT, its clinical characteristics and in-hospital mortality among HF patients admitted to a referral hospital in Nigeria. Methods: The study was carried out on serially-admitted HF patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria, in a Nigerian tertiary health center. PHT was defined as the presence of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of ≥25 mmHg, assessed using Doppler echocardiography and Chemla formula. Results: A total of 80 admitted HF patients were studied serially. 53 of them (66.25%) had PHT while the remaining 27 (33.75%) had normal mPAP. mPAP was 38.31 ± 12.23 mmHg and 16.39 ± 5.48 mmHg (P < 0.001) for subjects with and without PHT, respectively. The most common cause of HF was hypertensive heart disease (HHD) (28 patients; 35%). Subjects with PHT had relatively lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.044), and larger left atrium (P = 0.036) and left ventricle (LV) at both end-diastole and end-systole (P = 0.036 and P = 0.008, respectively), and a trend toward lower LV ejection fraction (LVEF) (P = 0.053). There was no relationship between mPAP and N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (P > 0.05). A total of 12 HF patients (15.0%) died, out of whom 8 (66.7%) had PHT. Cardiogenic shock (P = 0.044) and trans-mitral flow velocities ratio (P = 0.023) were the independent determinants of in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: PHT was common among the admitted HF patients, and was associated with worse morbidity indices, and a trend toward higher mortality. We recommend that HF patients be screened for PHT, and its presence should be taken into consideration in the management and prognostication of affected patients.

How to cite this article:
Karaye KM, Saidu H, Bala MS, Yahaya IA. Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcome of pulmonary hypertension among admitted heart failure patients.Ann Afr Med 2013;12:197-204

How to cite this URL:
Karaye KM, Saidu H, Bala MS, Yahaya IA. Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcome of pulmonary hypertension among admitted heart failure patients. Ann Afr Med [serial online] 2013 [cited 2023 Mar 22 ];12:197-204
Available from: https://www.annalsafrmed.org/article.asp?issn=1596-3519;year=2013;volume=12;issue=4;spage=197;epage=204;aulast=Karaye;type=0