Cholelithiasis in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: Experience in a resource-limited setting

Oluwafunmilayo Funke Adeniyi; Adeseye Micheal Akinsete; Emuobor Aghoghor Odeghe; Omodele Abosede Olowoyeye; Ogonna Faustina Okeke; Justina Oyioza Seyi-Olajide; Adebola Akinsulie

doi:10.4103/aam.aam_81_20

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2022 | Volume : 21 | Issue : 1 | Page : 58-64

Cholelithiasis in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: Experience in a resource-limited setting

Oluwafunmilayo Funke Adeniyi¹, Adeseye Micheal Akinsete¹, Emuobor Aghoghor Odeghe², Omodele Abosede Olowoyeye³, Ogonna Faustina Okeke⁴, Justina Oyioza Seyi-Olajide⁵, Adebola Akinsulie⁶
¹ Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Gastroenterology Unit, College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Nigeria
² Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
³ Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
⁴ Department of Radiology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
⁵ Department of Surgery, Paediatric Surgery Unit, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
⁶ Department of Paediatrics, Oncology Unit, College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Nigeria

Correspondence Address:
Oluwafunmilayo Funke Adeniyi
Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Gastroenterology Unit, College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos
Nigeria

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_81_20

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) remains prevalent in Nigeria and can be complicated by cholelithiasis even in children. There is still a dearth of knowledge about the occurrence of cholelithiasis in these children. The present study is aimed to determine the prevalence of cholelithiasis in pediatric SCD in Lagos and documents relevant socio-demographic and clinical correlates. Subjects and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of children and adolescents aged 1–19 years with SCD attending the Paediatric Haematology Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. One hundred and forty-seven children were consecutively recruited into the study over 3 months and they all had sonographic examination of the gall bladder. The association between cholelithiasis, sociodemographic data, clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters, and the use of hydroxyurea was also documented. Results: The median age (range) of the study participants was 9.0 (1–19) years and majority were males (59.9%). The prevalence of cholelithiasis was 13.6% and the condition was most prevalent in adolescents (21.4%) compared to the younger children (6.5%). All the children with cholelithiasis were asymptomatic. Age and the frequency of crisis were significantly associated with cholelithiasis on multivariate analysis (P = 0.03, 0.045, respectively). The use of hydroxyurea was not significantly related to the occurrence of cholelithiasis. Conclusion: The prevalence of cholelithiasis observed in this study is high. Routine screening of older children and adolescents with SCD, especially with the frequent crisis is suggested. Longitudinal studies to establish the relationship between hydroxyurea and cholelithiasis is also advocated.

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