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Table of Contents
REVIEW ARTICLE
Year : 2019  |  Volume : 18  |  Issue : 3  |  Page : 121-126  

Inflammation and cancer

Nitin Singh1, Deepak Baby2, Jagadish Prasad Rajguru3, Pankaj B Patil4, Savita S Thakkannavar5, Veena Bhojaraj Pujari6
1 Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Chandra Dental College and Hospital, Safedabad, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India
2 Department of Conservative and Endodontics, P.S.M Dental College and Research Centre, Akkikavu, Thrissur, Kerala, India
3 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Hi-Tech Dental College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Health Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India
5 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
6 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Centre, New Pargaon, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

Date of Web Publication14-Aug-2019

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Nitin Singh
Chandra Dental College and Hospital, Safedabad, Barabanki, UP
India
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_56_18

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   Abstract 


Inflammation is often associated with the development and progression of cancer. The cells responsible for cancer-associated inflammation are genetically stable and thus are not subjected to rapid emergence of drug resistance; therefore, the targeting of inflammation represents an attractive strategy both for cancer prevention and for cancer therapy. Tumor-extrinsic inflammation is caused by many factors, including bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, obesity, tobacco smoking, asbestos exposure, and excessive alcohol consumption, all of which increase cancer risk and stimulate malignant progression. In contrast, cancer-intrinsic or cancer-elicited inflammation can be triggered by cancer-initiating mutations and can contribute to malignant progression through the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells. Both extrinsic and intrinsic inflammations can result in immunosuppression, thereby providing a preferred background for tumor development. The current review provides a link between inflammation and cancer development.

   Abstract in French 

Résumé
L'inflammation est souvent associée au développement et à la progression du cancer. Les cellules responsables de l'inflammation associée au cancer sont génétiquement stables et ne subissent donc pas l'émergence rapide d'une pharmacorésistance; par conséquent, le ciblage de l'inflammation représente une stratégie attrayante à la fois pour la prévention du cancer et pour le traitement du cancer. L'inflammation tumorale extrinsèque est causée par de nombreux facteurs, notamment: infections bactériennes et virales, maladies auto-immunes, obésité, tabagisme, exposition à l'amiante et consommation excessive d'alcool, le tout qui augmentent le risque de cancer et stimulent la progression maligne. En revanche, l'inflammation intrinsèque au cancer ou provoquée par le cancer peut être déclenchée par des mutations initiant un cancer et peuvent contribuer à la progression maligne par le recrutement et l'activation de cellules inflammatoires. Tous les deux les inflammations extrinsèques et intrinsèques peuvent entraîner une immunosuppression, fournissant ainsi un fond préféré pour le développement de la tumeur. le l'examen actuel établit un lien entre l'inflammation et le développement du cancer.

Keywords: Cancer, cells, inflammation


How to cite this article:
Singh N, Baby D, Rajguru JP, Patil PB, Thakkannavar SS, Pujari VB. Inflammation and cancer. Ann Afr Med 2019;18:121-6

How to cite this URL:
Singh N, Baby D, Rajguru JP, Patil PB, Thakkannavar SS, Pujari VB. Inflammation and cancer. Ann Afr Med [serial online] 2019 [cited 2023 Mar 25];18:121-6. Available from: https://www.annalsafrmed.org/text.asp?2019/18/3/121/264320




   Introduction Top


The presence of leukocytes within tumors, observed in the 19th century by Rudolf Virchow, provided the first indication of a possible link between inflammation and cancer. Yet, it is only during the past decade that clear evidence has been obtained that inflammation plays a critical role in tumorigenesis.[1]

However, when inflammation becomes chronic or lasts too long, it can prove harmful and may lead to disease. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory enzymes has been linked with chronic inflammation [Figure 1].[2]
Figure 1: Different faces of inflammation and its role in tumorigenesis

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Chronic inflammation has been found to mediate a wide variety of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, pulmonary diseases, and autoimmune diseases.[3]

The current review, however, will be restricted to the role of chronic inflammation in cancer. Chronic inflammation has been linked to various steps involved in tumorgenesis, including cellular transformation, promotion, survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis.[4]

Only a minority of all cancers are caused by germline mutations, whereas the vast majority (90%) are linked to somatic mutations and environmental factors. Many environmental causes of cancer and risk factors are associated with some form of chronic inflammation. Up to 20% of cancers are linked to chronic infections, 30% can be attributed to tobacco smoking and inhaled pollutants (such as silica and asbestos), and 35% can be attributed to dietary factors (20% of cancer burden is linked to obesity).[5]

Recent efforts have shed new light on molecular and cellular circuits linking inflammation and cancer. Two pathways have been schematically identified: in the intrinsic pathway, genetic events causing neoplasia initiate the expression of inflammation-related programs that guide the construction of an inflammatory microenvironment, and in the extrinsic pathway, inflammatory conditions facilitate cancer development.[6]

The triggers of chronic inflammation that increase cancer risk or progression include infections (e.g., Helicobacter pylori for gastric cancer and mucosal lymphoma; papillomavirus and hepatitis viruses for cervical and liver carcinomas, respectively), autoimmune diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease for colon cancer), and inflammatory conditions of uncertain origin (e.g., prostatitis for prostate cancer). Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer, links to genetic instability.[7]

It was in 1863 that Rudolf Virchow noted leukocytes in neoplastic tissues and made a connection between inflammation and cancer. He suggested that the “lymphoreticular infiltrate” reflected the origin of cancer at sites of chronic inflammation. Over the past 10 years, our understanding of the inflammatory microenvironment of malignant tissues has supported Virchow's hypothesis, and the links between cancer and inflammation are starting to have implications for prevention and treatment.[8]


   Inflammation and Causes Top


Inflammation is the body's response to tissue damage, caused by physical injury, ischemic injury (caused by an insufficient supply of blood to an organ), infection, exposure to toxins, or other types of trauma. The body's inflammatory response causes cellular changes and immune responses that result in repair of the damaged tissue and cellular proliferation (growth) at the site of the injured tissue. Inflammation can become chronic if the cause of the inflammation persists or certain control mechanisms in charge of shutting down the process fail. When these inflammatory responses become chronic, cell mutation and proliferation can result, often creating an environment that is conducive to the development of cancer. The so-called “perfect storm” is an extreme challenge that cancer patients face. This is true for the onset of cancer but also even more important for the advancement of the disease. Various signaling pathways are key contributors in creating epigenetic changes on the outside of the cell, switching on these internal mutations. Therefore, treating the inflammatory causes is always important.

Chronic inflammation has been linked to various steps involved in tumorigenesis, including cellular transformation, promotion, survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis.


   Cancer Development: An Overview Top


Cancer defines malignant neoplasms characterized by metastatic growth. It may occur in almost every organ and tissue relating to a variety of etiologic factors, such as genomic instability and environmental stress.[9]

However, cancer development is still accepted as a multistep process, during which genetic alterations confer specific types of growth advantages; therefore, it drives the progressive transformation from normal cells to malignant cancer cells. Malignant growth is characterized by several key changes: self-sufficiency of growth signals, insensitivity to antigrowth signals, escaping from apoptosis, unregulated proliferation potential, enhanced angiogenesis, and metastasis. Each of these shifts is complicated and accomplished by combined efforts of various signaling processes. In later discussion, we will find that inflammation may contribute to the formation of these cancer phenotypes.[10]


   Mechanisms for the Association between Inflammation and Cancer Top


Chronic inflammation is characterized by sustained tissue damage, damage-induced cellular proliferation, and tissue repair. Cell proliferation in this context is usually correlated with “metaplasia,” a reversible change in cell type. “Dysplasia,” a disorder of cellular proliferation leading to atypical cell production, follows and is regarded as the previous event of carcinoma because it was usually found adjacent to the site of neoplasm.[11]


   Mutagenic Potential of Inflammation Top


The chronic inflammatory microenvironment is predominated by macrophages. Those macrophages, together with other leukocytes, generate high levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to fight infection.[12] However, in a setting of continuous tissue damage and cellular proliferation, the persistence of these infection-fighting agents is deleterious. They may produce mutagenic agents, such as peroxynitrite, which react with DNA and cause mutations in proliferating epithelial and stroma cells. Macrophages and T-lymphocytes may release tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor to exacerbate DNA damage.[13]

Migration inhibitory factor impairs p53-dependent protective responses, thus causing the accumulation of oncogenic mutations. Migration inhibitory factor also contributes to tumorigenesis by interfering Rb-E2F pathway.


   Helicobacter Pyloriand Cancer Risk Top


The bacterium H. pylori is known to colonize the human stomach and induce chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. H. pylori infection is a major risk factor for gastric cancer development, which is one of the most challenging malignant diseases worldwide with limited treatments.[14]

The multistep pathogenesis of gastric cancer is the best highlighted by Correa sequence that explains the progressive pathway to gastric cancer characterized by distinct histological changes. This model predicts that infection with H. pylori triggers an inflammatory response resulting in chronic, and then, atrophic, gastritis. This is followed by intestinal metaplasia which can be further classified into complete and incomplete subtypes. At this point, some patients will then proceed to gastric cancer via the intermediate stage of dysplasia [Figure 2].[15]
Figure 2: Correa sequence

Click here to view


The improvement or elimination of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia with H. pylori eradication could potentially inhibit gastric carcinogenesis. It is noteworthy to mention that gastric cancer can still develop even after successful eradication therapy. H. pylori eradication does not result in the regression of all precancerous lesions, which may depend on the degree and extent of preneoplastic changes at the time of eradication.[14]


   Inflammatory Cells in Tumor Microenvironment Top


The inflammatory microenvironment of tumors is characterized by the presence of host leukocytes both in the supporting stroma and in tumor areas.[16] Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes may contribute to cancer growth and spread and to the immunosuppression associated with malignant disease.

Macrophages

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are a major component of the infiltrate of most, if not all tumors. TAM derives from circulating monocytic precursors and is directed into the tumor by chemoattractant cytokines called chemokines. Many tumor cells also produce cytokines called colony-stimulating factors that prolong the survival of TAM. When appropriately activated, TAM can kill tumor cells or elicit tissue destructive reactions centered on the vascular endothelium. However, TAM also produces growth and angiogenic factors as well as protease enzymes which degrade the extracellular matrix. Hence, TAM can stimulate tumor cell proliferation, promote angiogenesis, and favor invasion and metastasis.[17]

Dendritic cells

Dendritic cells have a crucial role in both the activation of antigen-specific immunity and the maintenance of tolerance, providing a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs) usually have an immature phenotype with defective ability to stimulate T-cells.[18]

This distribution of TADC is clearly different from that of TAM, which is evenly scattered in tumor tissue. The immaturity of TADC may reflect lack of effective maturation signals, prompt migration of mature cells to lymph nodes, or the presence of maturation inhibitors. TADC is likely to be poor inducers of effective responses to tumor antigens.

Lymphocytes

Natural killer cells are rare in the tumor microenvironment. The predominant T-cell population has a “memory” phenotype. The cytokine profile of these tumor-infiltrating T-cells has not been studied systematically, but in some tumors (e.g. Kaposi's sarcoma, Hodgkin's disease, bronchial carcinoma, and cervical carcinoma), they produce mainly interleukins (ILs) 4 and 5 and not interferon. IL-4 and 5 are cytokines associated with the T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells, whereas interferon is associated with Th1 responses.[19]


   Key Molecular Players in Linking Inflammation to Cancer Top


To address the details of transition from inflammation to cancers and the further development of inflammation-associated cancers, it is necessary to investigate specific roles of key regulatory molecules involved in this process.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines

The cytokine network of several common tumors is rich in inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines but generally lacks cytokines involved in specific and sustained immune responses.[20]

There is now evidence that inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which can be produced by the tumor cells and/or tumor-associated leukocytes and platelets, may contribute directly to malignant progression. Many cytokines and chemokines are inducible by hypoxia, which is a major physiological difference between tumor and normal tissue. Examples are TNF, IL-1 and 6, and chemokines.

The immune response to tumors is constituted by cytokines produced by tumor cells as well as host stromal cells. Tumor-derived cytokines, such as Fas ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transforming growth factor-h, may facilitate the suppression of immune response to tumors. Moreover, inflammatory cytokines have also been reported to facilitate the spectrum of tumor development.[21]

Tumor necrosis factor

TNF is a multifunctional cytokine that plays important roles in diverse cellular events such as cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and death. As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF is secreted by inflammatory cells, which may be involved in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. TNF exerts its biological functions through activating distinct signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). NF-κB is a major cell survival signal that is antiapoptotic while sustained JNK activation contributes to cell death. The crosstalk between the NF-κB and JNK is involved in determining cellular outcomes in response to TNF. TNF is a double-edged sword that could be either pro- or antitumorigenic. On one hand, TNF could be an endogenous tumor promoter because TNF stimulates cancer cells' growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. On the other hand, TNF could be a cancer killer. The property of TNF in inducing cancer cell death renders it a potential cancer therapeutic.[22]

TNF can be detected in malignant and/or stromal cells in human ovarian, breast, prostate, bladder, and colorectal cancer, lymphomas, and leukemias, often in association with ILs-1 and 6 and macrophage colony-stimulating factor.[23]

Interleukins 1 and 6 in cancer regulation

IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays important roles in immune response, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. It is produced by a variety of normal cells including monocytes and macrophages but is also expressed by multiple tumor tissue types, such as breast, prostate, colorectal, and ovarian cancer. IL-6 may also play an important role in various aspects of tumor behavior, including apoptosis, tumor growth cell proliferation, migration and invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis.[24]

IL-10, initially termed “cytokine synthesis inhibitor” or “cytokine inhibitory factor” due to its inhibitory action on cytokine production by T helper cells, is produced by almost all leukocytes, as well as numerous human tumor cells including breast, kidney, colon, pancreas, malignant melanomas, and neuroblastomas. IL-10 is essential to suppress tumor-promoting inflammation mediators, thereby facilitating tumor growth and metastasis. Specifically, TAMs produce IL-10 and are also associated with in-tumor immunosuppression, thereby providing a suitable microenvironment for cancer growth.[25]

In mouse models of metastasis, treatment with an IL-1 receptor antagonist (which inhibits the action of IL-1) significantly decreased tumor development, suggesting that local production of this cytokine aids the development of metastasis. Moreover, mice deficient in IL-1 were resistant to the development of experimental metastasis.[26]

Chemokines

Inflammatory cytokines are major inducers of a family of chemoattractant cytokines called chemokines that play a central role in leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation. Most tumors produce chemokines of the two major groups α (or CXC) and β.

Typically, CXC chemokines are active on neutrophils and lymphocytes, whereas CC chemokines act on several leukocyte subsets including monocytes, eosinophils, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and natural killer cells but not neutrophils.[27]

Human and murine tumors also frequently secrete CXC chemokines such as IL-8. These chemokines are potent neutrophil attractants, yet neutrophils are rare in tumors. However, both IL-8 and a related chemokine called “gro” induce proliferation and migration of melanoma cell.


   Implications for Prevention and Treatment Top


Tumor necrosis factor blockade

TNF antagonists (etanercept [Enbrel] and infliximab [Remicade]) have been licensed for a clinical trial in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, with over 70,000 patients now treated. Thalidomide inhibits the processing of mRNA for TNF and VEGF, and continuous low-dose thalidomide has shown activity in patients with advanced myeloma. The role of etanercept in ameliorating the adverse effects of other cancer therapies is also being evaluated. There are also ongoing and planned clinical trials with infliximab. As with other “biological” approaches to cancer treatment, anti-TNF therapy may be optimal in an adjuvant setting with minimal disease.[28]

Chemokine antagonism

Chemokine receptors belong to a family of receptors (transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors) which is already a target of pharmacological interest. Tumors driven by chemokines and those where chemokines are implicated in metastasis (e.g. seeding to lymph nodes) may be an appropriate target for chemokine antagonists now under development.[29]

IL-6 is a major growth factor for myeloma cells. In advanced disease, there is an excess of IL-6 production, and raised serum concentrations are associated with plasmablastic proliferative activity and short survival.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are nonselective or selective COX-1/2 inhibitors, which are wildly prescribed for pain killing, fever reduction, and even anti-inflammation.

Patients on NSAIDs are at reduced risk of colon cancer. This may also be true for cancers of the esophagus, stomach, and rectum, and in rodents experimental bladder, breast, and colon cancer. Colon cancer is reduced when NSAIDs are administered concurrently with carcinogens. NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase enzymes and angiogenesis.[30]

The mechanisms involved in the association between NSAIDs and distant metastasis inhibition remain incompletely investigated. One possible explanation is that NSAIDs inhibit COX2. Abnormally high COX2 expression is observed in multicancers. Disordered COX2/PGE pathway is involved in multicancer processes, including carcinogenesis, proliferation, and metastatic spread; in addition, inhibition of COX2/PGE pathway with NSAIDs can restrain cancer cell lines.

Mutual promotion relationship between cancer metastasis and cancer-associated thrombosis is possibly another one of the underlying mechanisms. Abnormally high constitutive level of tissue factor (TF), one key regulator of hemostasis, is expressed by metastatic cancer cells, cancer microparticles, and cancer-associated monocytes and macrophages. TF can promote thrombosis formation by activating the extrinsic pathway of coagulation cascade. Furthermore, inflammation induced by thrombosis could result in endothelial damage that results in the vascular leak, facilitating the escape of cancer cells from blood vessels. Consequently, NSAIDs may disrupt the relationship between cancer metastasis and cancer-associated thrombosis via the suppression of platelet function, which is detrimental for the disseminated cancer cells in the bloodstream.[31]


   Conclusion Top


Overall, this review provides evidence for a strong link between chronic inflammation and cancer. Thus, inflammatory biomarkers as described here can be used to monitor the progression of the disease. These biomarkers can also be exploited to develop new anti-inflammatory drugs to prevent and treat cancer. These drugs can also be used as an adjuvant to the currently available chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which by themselves activate NF-κB and mediate resistance. Numerous anti-inflammatory agents including those identified from natural sources have been shown to exhibit chemopreventive activities.

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.



 
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    Figures

  [Figure 1], [Figure 2]


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17 Synthesis of novel thiazoles bearing lupeol derivatives as potent anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents
Kummari Narendar, B. Sambasiva Rao, Satyakrishna Tirunavalli, Surender Singh Jadav, Sai Balaji Andugulapati, Vaikundamoorthy Ramalingam, K. Suresh Babu
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18 Platin-C containing nanoparticles: a recipe for the delivery of curcumin–cisplatin combination chemotherapeutics to mitochondria
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19 Microgravity and immune cells
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20 Analysis of systemic inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers in advanced cervical cancer: Prognostic and predictive significance
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21 The prognostic utility of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with colorectal liver metastasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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22 Clinical value of combined preoperative–postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis after radiofrequency ablation
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23 Research Progress of Correlation between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Colorectal Neoplasms
?? ?
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24 The ratio of adaptive to innate immune cells differs between genders and associates with improved prognosis and response to immunotherapy
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26 Fashionable, but What is Their Real Clinical Usefulness? NLR, LMR, and PLR as a Promising Indicator in Colorectal Cancer Prognosis: A Systematic Review
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27 Gender- and age-specific associations of childhood maltreatment with peripheral serum inflammatory cytokines in middle school students
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28 Construction of IL-1 signalling pathway correlation model in lung adenocarcinoma and association with immune microenvironment prognosis and immunotherapy: Multi-data validation
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29 Galectin functions in cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis
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30 Research progress on the role and mechanism of miR-671 in bone metabolism and bone-related diseases
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31 Discovering the Clinical and Prognostic Role of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Values on Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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32 Metabolic Health, Mitochondrial Fitness, Physical Activity, and Cancer
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33 Potential Pathophysiological Pathways in the Complex Relationships between OSA and Cancer
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34 Pathways Affected by Falcarinol-Type Polyacetylenes and Implications for Their Anti-Inflammatory Function and Potential in Cancer Chemoprevention
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35 Crosstalk of Inflammatory Cytokines within the Breast Tumor Microenvironment
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36 Role of Plant-Derived Compounds in the Molecular Pathways Related to Inflammation
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37 Construction and Verification of the Molecular Subtype and a Novel Prognostic Signature Based on Inflammatory Response-Related Genes in Uveal Melanoma
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38 Lithium: A Promising Anticancer Agent
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39 Piperine Reduces Neoplastic Progression in Cervical Cancer Cells by Downregulating the Cyclooxygenase 2 Pathway
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40 Targeting Inflammation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through Drug Repurposing
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41 Narrow Leafed Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) ß-Conglutin Seed Proteins as a New Natural Cytotoxic Agents against Breast Cancer Cells
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42 In Vitro Antitumor and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Allium-Derived Compounds Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) and Propyl Propane Thiosulfinate (PTS)
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43 Development and validation of a novel nomogram for predicting overall survival in gastric cancer based on inflammatory markers
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44 Diyet Inflamatuar Indeksi, Inflamasyon ve Beslenme
Asghar AMANPOUR, Furkan ÇELEBI, Isik Gülcan KAHRAMAN, Fatma ÇELIK
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45 Virus Association with Gastric Inflammation and Cancer: An Updated Overview
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46 Dietary fatty acid patterns and risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
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47 Health Benefits and Pharmacological Aspects of Chrysoeriol
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48 Personal predictive model based on systemic inflammation markers for estimation of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy
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49 Potential of [11C](R)-PK11195 PET Imaging for Evaluating Tumor Inflammation: A Murine Mammary Tumor Model
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50 In Vivo and In Vitro Studies of Cigarette Smoke Effects on Innate Responses to Influenza Virus: A Matter of Models?
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51 In-Depth Metaproteomics Analysis of Oral Microbiome for Lung Cancer
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52 Therapeutic activities and biological effects of curcumin, as a natural multi-target compound, on human health: A minireview
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53 Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Mechanism of Cryptochlorogenic Acid from Ageratina adenophora
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54 Health Benefits of Apple Juice Consumption: A Review of Interventional Trials on Humans
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55 The Employment of Genera Vaccinium, Citrus, Olea, and Cynara Polyphenols for the Reduction of Selected Anti-Cancer Drug Side Effects
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56 Tackling Surgical Morbidity and Mortality through Modifiable Risk Factors in Cancer Patients
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57 Vitamin–Microbiota Crosstalk in Intestinal Inflammation and Carcinogenesis
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58 Personalized Medicine in the Field of Inflammatory Skin Disorders
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59 The Exploration of Chemokines Importance in the Pathogenesis and Development of Endometrial Cancer
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60 Crocodile Oil Modulates Inflammation and Immune Responses in LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages
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61 Wistin Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Nuclear Factor-?B and p38 Signaling Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells
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62 Nutritional and Exercise Interventions in Cancer-Related Cachexia: An Extensive Narrative Review
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63 Risk of Anorectal Cancer Associated with Benign Anal Inflammatory Diseases: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study
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64 Seaweed Derived Lipids Are a Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agent: A Review
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65 Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Chronic Degenerative Diseases: New Metabolic Targets in Colorectal Cancer
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66 Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Lipids in Hematological Malignancies
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67 Granzymes—Their Role in Colorectal Cancer
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68 Emerging Roles of the Iron Chelators in Inflammation
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69 The Crucial Roles of Bmi-1 in Cancer: Implications in Pathogenesis, Metastasis, Drug Resistance, and Targeted Therapies
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70 Mechanisms Underlying Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Cancer Properties of Stretching—A Review
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71 Delving into the Heterogeneity of Different Breast Cancer Subtypes and the Prognostic Models Utilizing scRNA-Seq and Bulk RNA-Seq
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72 Toll-like Receptor Mediation in SARS-CoV-2: A Therapeutic Approach
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73 Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Markers in Colorectal Cancer
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74 Inflammation in Pulmonary Hypertension and Edema Induced by Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure
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75 Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Inhibits Tumorigenesis and Progression of Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer through Suppression of Inflammatory Neutrophil-Activated Serine Proteases and IGFBP-3 Proteolysis
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76 The Role of microRNAs in Inflammation
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77 Malnutrition in oncology: etiology, pathogenesis, and principles of correction
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78 Insulin-Degrading Enzyme, an Under-Estimated Potential Target to Treat Cancer?
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79 Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs): Formation, Chemistry, Classification, Receptors, and Diseases Related to AGEs
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80 The Role of Inflammation in Anal Cancer
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81 Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Antagonist JV-1-36 Suppresses Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in A549 Lung Cancer Cells
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82 Epigenetic Regulation in Exposome-Induced Tumorigenesis: Emerging Roles of ncRNAs
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83 The Role of ApoE Serum Levels and ApoE Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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84 Tumor HPV Status, Level of Regulatory T Cells and Macrophage Infiltration Predict up to 20-Year Non-Disease-Specific Survival in Oropharynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
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85 Loss of Chemerin in Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells Polarizes Adjacent Monocytes to an Immunosuppressive Phenotype
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86 Novel Risk Classification Based on Pyroptosis-Related Genes Defines Immune Microenvironment and Pharmaceutical Landscape for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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87 Gall Bladder Disease and the Risk of Small Bowel Cancer—Results from a Nationwide Swedish Cohort Study
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88 Inflammation, Fibrosis and Cancer: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Options and Challenges
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89 Tumor Infiltration Levels of CD3, Foxp3 (+) Lymphocytes and CD68 Macrophages at Diagnosis Predict 5-Year Disease-Specific Survival in Patients with Oropharynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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90 Immunomodulation by Gut Microbiome on Gastrointestinal Cancers: Focusing on Colorectal Cancer
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91 The Association between the Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value and Cancer Prognosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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92 Microbiota and the Immune System—Actors in the Gastric Cancer Story
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93 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Sensitivity to Chemotherapies: A Spotlight on Lipid Droplets and SREBF1 Gene
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94 Nomograms Based on Fibrinogen, Albumin, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Carbohydrate Antigen 125 for Predicting Endometrial Cancer Prognosis
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95 The Study of the Extracellular Matrix in Chronic Inflammation: A Way to Prevent Cancer Initiation?
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96 Investigational Microbiological Therapy for Glioma
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97 Preoperative Cancer Inflammation Prognostic Index as a Superior Predictor of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Stage I–III Colorectal Cancer after Curative Surgery
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98 Understanding and harnessing triple-negative breast cancer-related microbiota in oncology
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99 Current insights into the regulation of programmed cell death by TP53 mutation in cancer
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100 Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Tools for Lung Cancer Cachexia: Based on Nutritional and Inflammatory Status
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101 Peripheral tuberculin purified protein derivative specific T cell immunoreactivity dynamics in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients receiving bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation treatment
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102 Prognostic Significance of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in Patients With Cholangiocarcinoma: A Meta-Analysis
Xue-chun Liu, Yue-ping Jiang, Xue-guo Sun, Jian-jian Zhao, Ling-yun Zhang, Xue Jing
Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 12
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103 Non-coding RNA in cancer drug resistance: Underlying mechanisms and clinical applications
Xuehao Zhou, Xiang Ao, Zhaojun Jia, Yiwen Li, Shouxiang Kuang, Chengcheng Du, Jinyu Zhang, Jianxun Wang, Ying Liu
Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 12
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104 The association between biomarkers of acrylamide and cancer mortality in U.S. adult population: Evidence from NHANES 2003-2014
Wenbo Gu, Jiacheng Zhang, Chunling Ren, Yang Gao, Tongfang Zhang, Yujia Long, Wei Wei, Shaoying Hou, Changhao Sun, Changhong Wang, Wenbo Jiang, Junfei Zhao
Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 12
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105 FTO promotes liver inflammation by suppressing m6A mRNA methylation of IL-17RA
Xiaojie Gan, Zhihui Dai, Chunmei Ge, Haozan Yin, Yuefan Wang, Jian Tan, Shuhan Sun, Weiping Zhou, Shengxian Yuan, Fu Yang
Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 12
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106 An Optimized Two-Herb Chinese Food as Medicine Formula Reduces Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in the Treatment of Lung Cancer in Mice
Le Shi, Yang Shu, Xiangdong Hu, Waheed Akram, Jun Wang, Shuang Dong, Biaobiao Luo, Jiuliang Zhang, Sheng Hu, Xiaohua Li, Xuebo Hu
Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022; 13
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107 A Review on the Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry of the Neotropical Sages (Salvia Subgenus Calosphace; Lamiaceae) Emphasizing Mexican Species
Nancy Ortiz-Mendoza, Eva Aguirre-Hernández, Itzi Fragoso-Martínez, María Eva González-Trujano, Francisco A. Basurto-Peña, Martha J. Martínez-Gordillo
Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022; 13
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108 Gut microbiota-derived metabolites in inflammatory diseases based on targeted metabolomics
Hui Xu, Li-Bin Pan, Hang Yu, Pei Han, Jie Fu, Zheng-Wei Zhang, Jia-Chun Hu, Xin-Yu Yang, Adili Keranmu, Hao-Jian Zhang, Meng-Meng Bu, Jian-Dong Jiang, Yan Wang
Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022; 13
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109 The regulatory role of PDE4B in the progression of inflammatory function study
Yue Su, Jiaxiang Ding, Fan Yang, Cuixia He, Yuanyuan Xu, Xingyu Zhu, Huan Zhou, Hongtao Li
Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2022; 13
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110 Associations of DNA Base Excision Repair and Antioxidant Enzyme Genetic Risk Scores with Biomarker of Systemic Inflammation
Ziling Mao, Abigail L. H. Gray, Myron D. Gross, Bharat Thyagarajan, Roberd M. Bostick
Frontiers in Aging. 2022; 3
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111 The Relationship Between Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index and Prognosis of Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Wei Huang, Jiayu Luo, Jianbo Wen, Mingjun Jiang
Frontiers in Surgery. 2022; 9
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112 Prognostic significance of the systemic immune inflammation index in patients with metastatic and unresectable pancreatic cancer
Rongshuang Han, Zibin Tian, Yueping Jiang, Ge Guan, Xiaowei Wang, Xueguo Sun, Yanan Yu, Xue Jing
Frontiers in Surgery. 2022; 9
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113 Thiamine Demonstrates Bio-Preservative and Anti-Microbial Effects in Minced Beef Meat Storage and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Anis Ben Hsouna, Alex Boye, Bouthaina Ben Ackacha, Wissal Dhifi, Rania Ben Saad, Faiçal Brini, Wissem Mnif, Miroslava Kacániová
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114 Alcohol and Head and Neck Cancer: Updates on the Role of Oxidative Stress, Genetic, Epigenetics, Oral Microbiota, Antioxidants, and Alkylating Agents
Giampiero Ferraguti, Sergio Terracina, Carla Petrella, Antonio Greco, Antonio Minni, Marco Lucarelli, Enzo Agostinelli, Massimo Ralli, Marco de Vincentiis, Giammarco Raponi, Antonella Polimeni, Mauro Ceccanti, Brunella Caronti, Maria Grazia Di Certo, Christian Barbato, Alessandro Mattia, Luigi Tarani, Marco Fiore
Antioxidants. 2022; 11(1): 145
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115 Flaxseed Ethanol Extracts’ Antitumor, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential
Elisabeta Ioana Chera, Raluca Maria Pop, Marcel Pârvu, Olga Sori?au, Ana Uifalean, Florinela Adriana Catoi, Andra Cecan, Andrada Gabriela Negoescu, Patriciu Achima?-Cadariu, Alina Elena Pârvu
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116 Discovery of New Triterpenoids Extracted from Camellia oleifera Seed Cake and the Molecular Mechanism Underlying Their Antitumor Activity
Zelong Wu, Xiaofeng Tan, Junqin Zhou, Jun Yuan, Guliang Yang, Ze Li, Hongxu Long, Yuhang Yi, Chenghao Lv, Chaoxi Zeng, Si Qin
Antioxidants. 2022; 12(1): 7
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117 Association between the empirical dietary inflammatory index and cardiorespiratory fitness in Tehranian adults in 2017–2018
Nastaran Payandeh, Hossein Shahinfar, Nadia Babaei, Samira Davarzani, Mojdeh Ebaditabar, Kurosh Djafarian, Sakineh Shab-Bidar
Frontiers in Nutrition. 2022; 9
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118 Associations of intermuscular adipose tissue and total muscle wasting score in PG-SGA with low muscle radiodensity and mass in nonmetastatic colorectal cancer: A two-center cohort study
Yang Wang, Yuliuming Wang, Guodong Li, Hao Zhang, Hang Yu, Jun Xiang, Zitong Wang, Xia Jiang, Guoqing Yan, Yunxiao Liu, Chunlin Wang, Huan Xiong, Guiyu Wang, Hanping Shi, Ming Liu
Frontiers in Nutrition. 2022; 9
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119 The emerging double-edged sword role of Sirtuins in the gastric inflammation-carcinoma sequence revealed by bulk and single-cell transcriptomes
Mengyang Wang, Chenxiao Bi, Hong Li, Lizhen Lu, Tao Gao, Panpan Huang, Chengxia Liu, Bin Wang
Frontiers in Oncology. 2022; 12
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120 Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Observational Studies
Xinhui Wu, Jingxi Wang, Zhen Ye, Jin Wang, Xibei Liao, Mengsi Liv, Zhen Svn
Frontiers in Medicine. 2022; 9
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121 Helicobacter pylori-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Gastric Diseases: A Review
Lu Han, Xu Shu, Jian Wang
Frontiers in Microbiology. 2022; 13
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122 The Systemic Inflammation Response Index as an Independent Predictor of Survival in Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study
Mengliu Zhu, Li Chen, Xiangyi Kong, Xiangyu Wang, Yi Fang, Xingrui Li, Jing Wang
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2022; 9
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123 Single Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Pathogenesis of Aortic Dissection Caused by Hypertension and Marfan Syndrome
Li Zhang, Zhihuang Qiu, Hui Zheng, Xi Yang, Jianqiang Ye, Jian He, Yumei Li, Liangwan Chen
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2022; 10
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124 Focus on the tumor microenvironment: A seedbed for neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Hengfeng Zhou, Qiangrong He, Chao Li, Bassam Lutf Mohammed Alsharafi, Liang Deng, Zhi Long, Yu Gan
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2022; 10
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125 The SIRT1-HMGB1 axis: Therapeutic potential to ameliorate inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence
Lanyi Wei, Wenrui Zhang, Yueyang Li, Jinghui Zhai
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2022; 10
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126 Anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene and triterpene acids from Mesona procumbens Hemsley
Hung-Tse Huang, I-Wen Lo, Geng-You Liao, Yu-Chi Lin, Yuh-Chiang Shen, Hui-Chi Huang, Tsung-Lin Li, Kung-Ta Lee, Yao-Haur Kuo, Chia-Ching Liaw
Frontiers in Chemistry. 2022; 10
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127 Pro-Resolving Factor Administration Limits Cancer Progression by Enhancing Immune Response Against Cancer Cells
Audrey Wetzel, Francis Bonnefoy, Cécile Chagué, Mathieu Vetter, Mélanie Couturier, Blandine Baffert, Olivier Adotévi, Philippe Saas, Sylvain Perruche
Frontiers in Immunology. 2022; 12
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128 Berberine a traditional Chinese drug repurposing: Its actions in inflammation-associated ulcerative colitis and cancer therapy
Cuipeng Zhu, Kaiqi Li, Xiao-Xu Peng, Tong-Jia Yao, Zi-Yu Wang, Ping Hu, Demin Cai, Hao-Yu Liu
Frontiers in Immunology. 2022; 13
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129 Malassezia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Accomplice of Evoking Tumorigenesis
Qiyu Yang, Jing Ouyang, Damao Pi, Li Feng, Jiadan Yang
Frontiers in Immunology. 2022; 13
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130 Epigenetic Alterations and Inflammation as Emerging Use for the Advancement of Treatment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Shuo Yang, Yang Huang, Qi Zhao
Frontiers in Immunology. 2022; 13
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131 Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subtypes and Cytokines in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with TACE
Hongyu Wang, Guixiong Zhang, Wenzhe Fan, Yanqin Wu, Jiang Zhang, Miao Xue, Yue Zhao, Wang Yao, Jiaping Li
Cancer Management and Research. 2022; Volume 14: 451
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132 The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index is an Independent Predictor of Survival in Breast Cancer Patients
Mengliu Zhu, Li Chen, Xiangyi Kong, Xiangyu Wang, Xingrui Li, Yi Fang, Jing Wang
Cancer Management and Research. 2022; Volume 14: 775
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133 Etodolac Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Irradiated HT-29 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Zahra Shaghaghi, Nasim Zarei Polgardani, Sahar Abbasi, Hajar Albooyeh, Leila Dastranj, Soghra Farzipour, Maryam Alvandi
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134 Nomogram Based on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Nutritional Indicators for Predicting Overall Survival in Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
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Journal of Inflammation Research. 2022; Volume 15: 2971
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135 Corosolic Acid Inhibits Secretory Phospholipase A2IIa as an Anti-Inflammatory Function and Exhibits Anti-Tumor Activity in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Bearing Mice
Sophiya Pundalik, Krishna Ram Hanumappa, Aladahalli S Giresha, Deepadarshan Urs, Sharath Rajashekarappa, Narayanappa Muniyappa, Manjunatha Jamballi G, Devaraju Kuaramkote Shivanna, Rajkumar S Meti, Sathisha Anekere Dasappa Setty, Prabhakar Bettadathunga? Thippegowda, Dharmappa Kattepura Krishnappa
Journal of Inflammation Research. 2022; Volume 15: 6905
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136 Metformin and malignant neoplasms: a possible mechanism of antitumor action and prospects for use in practice
K. O. Kuznetsov, E. R. Safina, D. V. Gaimakova, Ya. S. Frolova, I. Yu. Oganesyan, A. G. Sadertdinova, K. A. Nazmieva, A. H. Islamgulov, A. R. Karimova, A. M. Galimova, E. V. Rizvanova
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137 A Genomic Approach to Identify the Different between Acute and Chronic UVB Exposures in the Causation of Inflammation and Cancer
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138 Correlation between 4 Inflammatory Indicators and Prognosis of Patients with Stage III Breast Cancer
?? ?
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139 Research Progress of Common Thyroid Diseases and Systemic Immune Inflammation Index
? ?
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140 C-reactive protein and white blood cell are associated with frailty progression: a longitudinal study
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141 Ajania purpurea Extract Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells and Peritonitis Mice
Xiangyu Wang, Zhuoma Dongzhi, Yan Li, Mi Xie, Xinyu Li, Ruiying Yuan, Bin Li, Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant, Shan Huang
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142 The prognostic value of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) for patients with neuroblastoma
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143 FADD as a key molecular player in cancer progression
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144 Identification of inflammatory-related gene signatures to predict prognosis of endometrial carcinoma
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145 Circulating lymphocyte subsets are prognostic factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
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146 Dynamic changes in the systemic immune-inflammation index predict the prognosis of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients receiving brain metastasis radiotherapy
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147 Solubilization and In Vitro Physical and Chemical Properties of the Amorphous Spray-Dried Lactose-Luteolin System
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148 A Novel Inflammation-Related Gene Signature for Overall Survival Prediction and Comprehensive Analysis in Pediatric Patients with Wilms Tumor
Jiahao Zhang, Yongchang Lai, Langjing Zhu, Zechao Lu, Chuxian Hu, Haobin Zhou, Zeguang Lu, Zhicheng Tang, Zhaohui He, Fucai Tang, Jayaraman Tharmalingam
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149 Managing Cancer Drug Resistance from the Perspective of Inflammation
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150 Sesquiterpene Lactones and Cancer: New Insight into Antitumor and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Parthenolide-Derived Dimethylaminomicheliolide and Micheliolide
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151 Relationship between PLR and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Its Predictive Value for the Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Prognosis
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152 Exploring the Multicomponent Synergy Mechanism of Yinzhihuang Granule in Inhibiting Inflammation-Cancer Transformation of Hepar Based on Integrated Bioinformatics and Network Pharmacology
Jingyuan Zhang, Zhihong Huang, Xinkui Liu, Chao Wu, Wei Zhou, Peizhi Ye, Antony Stalin, Shan Lu, Yingying Tan, Zhishan Wu, Xiaotian Fan, Xiaomeng Zhang, Miaomiao Wang, Bingbing Li, Guoliang Cheng, Yanfang Mou, Jiarui Wu, Shibiao Wan
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153 Arsenic Induces Continuous Inflammation and Regulates Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Balance in Liver and Kidney In Vivo
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154 Prostaglandin Pathways: Opportunities for Cancer Prevention and Therapy
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155 Corneodesmosin as a potential target of oral squamous cell carcinoma
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156 Serum amyloid A (SAA) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as the potential biomarkers for gastric cancer
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157 Palatal soft tissue thickness around dental implants and natural teeth in health and disease: A cross sectional study
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158 Evidence that the anti-inflammatory effect of 4-aryl-4 H -chromenes is linked to macrophage repolarization
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159 Benzimidazole derivatives: A versatile scaffold for drug development against Helicobacter pylori -related diseases
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160 Subacute exposure to bisphenol F diglycidyl-ether induces chronic dermatitis characterized by psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice
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161 Prognostic significance of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to albumin ratio in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after hepatectomy
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162 Date fruit as a promising source of functional carbohydrates and bioactive compounds: A review on its nutraceutical potential
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163 Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Coumarin–Selenophene Derivatives on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells
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164 Health Economics Research in Primary Prevention of Cancer: Assessment, Current Challenges, and Future Directions
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165 Local and systemic inflammation triggers different outcomes of tumor growth related to infiltration of anti-tumor or pro-tumor macrophages
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166 Ramelteon and mechanism of its restorative effect in an experimental lung disease model
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167 Beta-carotene regulates the biological activity of EGF in IEC6 cells by alleviating the inflammatory process
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168 Bee pollen in zebrafish diet affects intestinal microbiota composition and skin cutaneous melanoma development
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169 Pancreatic adenocarcinoma associated immune-gene signature as a novo risk factor for clinical prognosis prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma
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170 Cancer stem cells induced by chronic stimulation with prostaglandin E2 exhibited constitutively activated PI3K axis
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171 Flavonoids in vegetables: improvement of dietary flavonoids by metabolic engineering to promote health
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172 Oxidative stress induces meiotic defects of oocytes in a mouse psoriasis model
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173 Emerging mechanisms of pyroptosis and its therapeutic strategy in cancer
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174 Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Aging and Age-Related Diseases: A Review
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175 Detection of IL-1ß, VEGF and IL-4 with Their Novel Genetic Variations in Breast Cancer Patients
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176 A review on inflammation and angiogenesis as key mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of bovine cystic ovarian disease
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177 Correlation analysis of lymphocyte-monocyte ratio with pathological complete response and clinical prognosis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer
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178 Preoperative systemic inflammation response index indicates poor prognosis in patients treated with resection of renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus
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179 Comprehensive molecular analysis of a four-pyroptosis-gene signature with prognosis and immune landscape in lung adenocarcinoma
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180 Living Cell for Drug Delivery
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181 Exploring the underlying mechanism of oleanolic acid treating glioma by transcriptome and molecular docking
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182 Balancing functional and health benefits of food products formulated with palm oil as oil sources
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183 Emerging roles of hnRNP A2B1 in cancer and inflammation
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184 Seasonality impact on the anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative potential and the lignan composition of Bursera microphylla
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189 Modulation of biomarkers associated with risk of cancer in humans by olive oil intake: A systematic review
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Journal of Functional Foods. 2022; 98: 105275
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190 Curcumin: A therapeutic strategy for targeting the Helicobacter pylori-related diseases
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191 Resolvins lipid mediators: Potential therapeutic targets in Alzheimer and Parkinson disease
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192 Can a basic solution activate the inflammatory reflex? A review of potential mechanisms, opportunities, and challenges
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193 Recent Progress in Cancer Immunotherapy: Overview of Current Status and Challenges
Mohammad Darvishi, Foad Tosan, Pooria Nakhaei, Danial Amiri Manjili, Sahar Afzali Kharkouei, Ali Alizadeh, Saba Ilkhani, Farima Khalafi, Firoozeh Abolhasani Zadeh, Seyyed-Ghavam Shafagh
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194 Prognostic Significance of Lab Data and Performance Comparison by Validating Survival Prediction Models for Patients with Spinal Metastases After Radiotherapy
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195 Multiple approaches to repurposing drugs for neuroblastoma
Laura Rank, Ana C. Puhl, Tammy M. Havener, Edward Anderson, Daniel H. Foil, Kimberley M. Zorn, Natalia Monakhova, Olga Riabova, Anthony J. Hickey, Vadim Makarov, Sean Ekins
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196 From hurdle to springboard: The macrophage as target in biomaterial-based bone regeneration strategies
Yang-Hee Kim, Richard O.C. Oreffo, Jonathan I. Dawson
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197 Drug Metabolite Cluster Centers-based Strategy for Comprehensive Profiling of Neomangiferin Metabolites in vivo and in vitro and Network Pharmacology Study on Anti-inflammatory Mechanism
Xianming Lan, Yanan Li, Haoran Li, Shuyi Song, Xiaoqing Yuan, Hongyan Zhou, Qimei Chen, Jiayu Zhang
Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2022; : 104268
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198 Immune cell–camouflaged surface-engineered nanotherapeutics for cancer management
Naitik Jain, Syed Shahrukh, Paras Famta, Saurabh Shah, Ganesh Vambhurkar, Dharmendra Kumar Khatri, Shashi Bala Singh, Saurabh Srivastava
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199 The role of inflammations and EMT in carcinogenesis
Md Shariful Islam, Md Reaz Morshed, Golap Babu, Md Asaduzzaman Khan
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200 Lifestyle and environmental factors may induce airway and systemic inflammation in firefighters
Joanna Orysiak, Magdalena Mlynarczyk, Robert Piec, Agnieszka Jakubiak
Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2022;
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201 Anticancer Effect of Ruscogenin in B(a)P-Induced Lung Cancer in Mice via Modulation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Mitochondrial Enzymes
Jun Zhao, Bangzhi He, Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri, Shaohua Xu
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 2022;
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202 Obesity, cancer risk, and time-restricted eating
Manasi Das, Nicholas J. G. Webster
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. 2022;
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203 Dynamic changes of soluble HLA-G and cytokine plasma levels in cervical cancer patients: potential role in cancer progression and immunotherapy
Hui-Hui Xu, You-You Xie, Jun-Gan, Zhi Yang, Qiu-Yue Han
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. 2022;
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204 Prognostic assessment of C-reactive protein and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Tingting Zhao
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2022;
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205 Role of chemokine systems in cancer and inflammatory diseases
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MedComm. 2022; 3(2)
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206 Beneficial effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical trials
Seyedeh Neda Mousavi, Mahboobe Hosseinikia, Esmaeil Yousefi Rad, Somayeh Saboori
Phytotherapy Research. 2022;
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207 Chloroxylon swietenia (Roxb.) DC induces cell death and apoptosis by down-regulating the NF-?B pathway in MCF -7 breast cancer cells: In vitro and in vivo inv
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208 Regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 gene and its association with malignancy
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209 Inhibiting AKT signaling pathway with cilostazol and meloxicam synergism for suppressing K562 cells in vitro
Laya Naderbar, Yaghub Pazhang, Jafar Rezaie
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology. 2022;
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210 Screening and isolation of potential lipoxidase and superoxide dismutase inhibitors from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi using high-speed countercurrent chromatography target-guided by ultrafiltration-liquid chromatogra
Jianli Xia, Chunming Liu, Huazhou Niu, Wanchao Hou, Sainan Li
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211 Analyzing the influence of IL18 in regulation of YAP1 in breast oncogenesis using cBioportal
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212 Calprotectin in viral systemic infections—COVID-19 versus hepatitis C virus
Letitia Toma, Mihai Dodot, Anca Zgura, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Andrei Silaghi, Razvan Simu, Teodora Isac, Adriana Mercan-Stanciu
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213 Anti-neoplastic phramacophore benzophenone-1 coumarin (BP-1C) targets JAK2 to induce apoptosis in lung cancer
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214 Elastin-Derived Peptides in the Central Nervous System: Friend or Foe
Konrad A. Szychowski, Bartosz Skóra, Anna K. Wójtowicz
Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology. 2021;
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215 Unboxing the molecular modalities of mutagens in cancer
Smita Kumari, Sudhanshu Sharma, Dia Advani, Akanksha Khosla, Pravir Kumar, Rashmi K. Ambasta
Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021;
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216 Cure lies in nature: medicinal plants and endophytic fungi in curbing cancer
Garima Tyagi, Neha Kapoor, Girish Chandra, Lokesh Gambhir
3 Biotech. 2021; 11(6)
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217 The role of Wnt pathway in obesity induced inflammation and diabetes: a review
Bhabajyoti Das, Manas Das, Anuradha Kalita, Momita Rani Baro
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218 The effect of medications associated with drug-induced pancreatitis on pancreatic cancer risk: A nested case-control study of routine Scottish data
R.D. McDowell, C.M. Hughes, P. Murchie, C.R. Cardwell
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219 Synthesis of 6-epi-tuberiferin and the biological activities of tuberiferin, dehydrobrabrachylaenolide, 6-epi-tuberiferin, and their synthetic intermediates
Dan Li, Yohsuke Higuchi, Takafumi Kobayashi, Fumito Shimoma, Yuhua Bai, Masayoshi Ando
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220 The potentials of carbon monoxide-releasing molecules in cancer treatment: An outlook from ROS biology and medicine
Thi Thuy Tien Vo, Quang Canh Vo, Vo Phuoc Tuan, Yinshen Wee, Hsin-Chung Cheng, I-Ta Lee
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221 Anticancer Natural Products Targeting Immune Checkpoint Protein Network
Kyung-Soo Chun, Do-Hee Kim, Pawan Kumar Raut, Young-Joon Surh
Seminars in Cancer Biology. 2021;
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222 Myosteatosis reduces overall survival in patients with digestive system malignancies: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Yue Wang, Guangwei Tian, Song Chen, Nan Li
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223 Prognostic value of preoperative inflammatory markers among different molecular subtypes of lower-grade glioma
Zengxin Qi, Jiajun Cai, Xiangda Meng, Shengyong Cai, Chao Tang, Liqin Lang
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2021;
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224 The diverse roles of TMEM16A Ca2+-activated Cl- channels in inflammation
Weiliang Bai, Mei Liu, Qinghuan Xiao
Journal of Advanced Research. 2021; 33: 53
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225 Analgesic and anti-inflammatory articular effects of essential oil and camphor isolated from Ocimum kilimandscharicum Gürke leaves
Elisangela dos Santos, Maicon Matos Leitão, Caren Naomi Aguero Ito, Saulo Euclides Silva-Filho, Arielle Cristina Arena, Francielli Maria de Souza Silva-Comar, Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman, Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira, Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio, Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
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226 Is resistin the master link between inflammation and inflammation-related chronic diseases?
Mohammed Taouis, Yacir Benomar
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 2021; 533: 111341
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227 Human gut-microbiome interplay: Analysis of clinical studies for the emerging roles of diagnostic microbiology in inflammation, oncogenesis and cancer management
Ziyu Jiang, Lingchang Li, Jianan Chen, Guoli Wei, Yi Ji, Xi Chen, Jingbing Liu, Jiege Huo
Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2021; 93: 104946
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228 Trans-anethole Attenuates Diet-induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Through Suppressing TGF-ß-mediated Fibrosis
Caicai Zhang, Baoyong Zhang, Aifang Chen, Qiling Yin, Haixia Wang
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology. 2021; : 101833
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229 Long non-coding RNAs regulate the hallmarks of cancer in HPV-induced malignancies
Tânia R. Dias, Joana M.O. Santos, Rui M. Gil da Costa, Rui Medeiros
Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology. 2021; 161: 103310
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230 Comprehensive analysis reveals common DNA methylation patterns of tobacco-associated cancers: A pan-cancer analysis
Xingyu Liu, Jiarui Chen, Jiali Li, Zihang Zeng, Xueping Jiang, Yanping Gao, Zhengrong Huang, Qiuji Wu, Yan Gong, Conghua Xie
Gene. 2021; 804: 145900
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231 Nimbolide, a Neem Limonoid, Is a Promising Candidate for the Anticancer Drug Arsenal
Siddavaram Nagini, Ramesh Nivetha, Manikandan Palrasu, Rajakishore Mishra
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2021; 64(7): 3560
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232 How do green and black coffee brews and bioactive interaction with gut microbiome affect its health outcomes? Mining evidence from mechanistic studies, metagenomics and clinical trials
Mohamed A. Farag, Martin von Bergen, Basma M. Saleh, Masun Nabhan Homsi, Mohamed S. Abd El-Al
Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2021; 118: 920
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233 Pancreatitis initiated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Pathophysiology explaining clinical evidence
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234 The expression of FLNA and CLU in PBMCs as a novel screening marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
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235 CPAP enhances and maintains chronic inflammation in hepatocytes to promote hepatocarcinogenesis
Ruo-Yu Chen, Chia-Jui Yen, Yih-Jyh Lin, Ju-Ming Wang, Ting-Fen Tasi, Yu-Chuan Huang, Yao-Wen Liu, Hung-Wen Tsai, Ming-Hao Lee, Liang-Yi Hung
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236 Anti-inflammatory effect of Barringtonia angusta methanol extract is mediated by targeting of Src in the NF-?B signalling pathway
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237 Small molecule compounds with good anti-inflammatory activity reported in the literature from 01/2009 to 05/2021: a review
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Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry. 2021; 36(1): 2139
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238 Chalcones against the hallmarks of cancer: a mini-review
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239 Carbon dots up-regulate heme oxygenase-1 expression towards acute lung injury therapy
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240 Mechanism of Kaempferol in Anti-inflammation Based on Network Pharmacology
Ping Qin, Hongmei Wu
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241 The Effects of Almond Consumption on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
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242 Amomum subulatum Induces Apoptosis in Tumor Cells and Reduces Tumor Burden in Experimental Animals via Modulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
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243 Proteases, protease inhibitors and radiation carcinogenesis
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International Journal of Radiation Biology. 2021; : 1
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244 Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic marker for feline mammary carcinomas
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245 IL-9 and IL-10 Single-Nucleotide Variants and Serum Levels in Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Caucasian Population
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Mediators of Inflammation. 2021; 2021: 1
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246 The Uprising of Mitochondrial DNA Biomarker in Cancer
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247 Key Factor Regulating Inflammatory Microenvironment, Metastasis, and Resistance in Breast Cancer: Interleukin-1 Signaling
Fengjie Liu, Lihong Li, Meng Lan, Tengteng Zou, Zhaodi Kong, Tiange Cai, Xiao Yu Wu, Yu Cai, Matilde Otero-Losada
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248 The Ratio of Platelets to Lymphocytes Predicts the Prognosis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Review and Meta-Analysis
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Gastroenterology Research and Practice. 2021; 2021: 1
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249 Molecular mechanisms of anticancer activities of polyphyllin VII
Bashir Ahmad, Shafiq Ur Rehman, Azizullah Azizullah, Muhammad Fiaz Khan, Syed Riaz Ud Din, Manzoor Ahmad, Ashraf Ali, Naeem Tahir, Nasir Azam, Yaser Gamallat, Khalil Ur Rahman, Muhsin Ali, Mohammad Safi, Imran Khan, Samina Qamer, Deog-Hwan Oh
Chemical Biology & Drug Design. 2021; 97(4): 914
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250 High pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index values are associated with diminished short-term success after temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis procedure
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251 The advanced lung cancer inflammation index predicts outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer following video-assisted thoracic surgery
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252 Construction and prognostic analysis of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer
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253 Comprehensive Review of Uterine Fibroids: Developmental Origin, Pathogenesis, and Treatment
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254 Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells to promote/suppress cancer: two sides of the same coin
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255 Availability of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio to predict postoperative delirium after head and neck free-flap reconstruction: A retrospective study
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256 Cluster analysis of blood serum inflammation markers of conditionally healthy people
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257 Anti-inflammatory activities of arthropod peptides: a systematic review
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Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases. 2021; 27
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258 The Preoperative Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Disease-Free Survival in Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Zhiwei Zheng, Cui Yang, Chun Cai, Huide Zhu
Cancer Management and Research. 2021; Volume 13: 7511
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259 Supervised Learning Based Systemic Inflammatory Markers Enable Accurate Additional Surgery for pT1NxM0 Colorectal Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Two Practical Prediction Models for Lymph Node Metastasis
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Cancer Management and Research. 2021; Volume 13: 8967
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260 Inflammation and Wnt Signaling: Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy?
Imen Jridi, Kirsten Canté-Barrett, Karin Pike-Overzet, Frank J. T. Staal
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2021; 8
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261 A Mechanism Leading to Changes in Copy Number Variations Affected by Transcriptional Level Might Be Involved in Evolution, Embryonic Development, Senescence, and Oncogenesis Mediated by Retrotransposons
Yunpeng Sui, Shuanghong Peng
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2021; 9
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262 Tumor-Associated Extracellular Matrix: How to Be a Potential Aide to Anti-tumor Immunotherapy?
Yingying He, Tao Liu, Shuang Dai, Zihan Xu, Li Wang, Feng Luo
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263 Risk Factors Associated with Prostate Cancer
Arslan Habib, Ghulam Jaffar, Malik ShahZaib Khalid, Zahid Hussain, Syeda Wafa Zainab, Zeeshan Ashraf, Atia Haroon, Rimsha Javed, Bilal Khalid, Palwasha Habib
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264 The relationship of pre-operative laboratory parameters with endometrial cancer and prognostic factors
Süleyman Serkan KARASIN, Burak AKSELIM
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265 Metformin and Malignant Tumors: Not Over the Hill
Weiling Leng, Juan Jiang, Bing Chen, Qinan Wu
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy. 2021; Volume 14: 3673
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266 Current Trends and Challenges in Pharmacoeconomic Aspects of Nanocarriers as Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment
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267 GDC-0575, a CHK1 Inhibitor, Impairs the Development of Colitis and Colitis-Associated Cancer by Inhibiting CCR2+ Macrophage Infiltration in Mice
Min Li, Tianqing Huang, Xiaolan Li, Zhiwei Shi, Yue Sheng, Mimi Hu, Kui Song
OncoTargets and Therapy. 2021; Volume 14: 2661
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268 Preoperative Serum Hypersensitive-c-Reactive-Protein (Hs-CRP) to Albumin Ratio Predicts Survival in Patients with Luminal B Subtype Breast Cancer
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OncoTargets and Therapy. 2021; Volume 14: 4137
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269 Fibrinogen/Albumin Ratio (FAR) in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Its Relationship with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression
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270 Pretreatment Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Predict Needs for Teeth Extractions for Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
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Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management. 2021; Volume 17: 1113
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271 Leptin, Both Bad and Good Actor in Cancer
Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana, Ana López-Saavedra, Flora Sánchez-Jiménez, Antonio Pérez-Pérez, Jesús Castiñeiras, Juan A. Virizuela-Echaburu, Luis de la de la Cruz-Merino, Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
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272 Aging, Osteo-Sarcopenia, and Musculoskeletal Mechano-Transduction
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Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences. 2021; 2
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273 The Crossroads of Periodontitis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immune Implications and Tumor Promoting Capacities
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274 The Role of Tumor Inflammatory Microenvironment in Lung Cancer
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275 Impact of Sexual Activity on the Risk of Male Genital Tumors: A Systematic Review of the Literature
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276 NUB1 and FAT10 Proteins as Potential Novel Biomarkers in Cancer: A Translational Perspective
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277 From Allergy to Cancer—Clinical Usefulness of Eotaxins
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278 Association of Genetic Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 with the Prognosis in Children with Neuroblastoma
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279 The Role of Bacteria in KSHV Infection and KSHV-Induced Cancers
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280 Potential of Bioactive Food Components against Gastric Cancer: Insights into Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Targets
Seog Young Kang, Dongwon Hwang, Soyoung Shin, Jinju Park, Myoungchan Kim, MD. Hasanur Rahman, Md. Ataur Rahman, Seong-Gyu Ko, Bonglee Kim
Cancers. 2021; 13(18): 4502
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281 Molecular Markers to Predict Prognosis and Treatment Response in Uterine Cervical Cancer
Maximilian Fleischmann, Georgios Chatzikonstantinou, Emmanouil Fokas, Jörn Wichmann, Hans Christiansen, Klaus Strebhardt, Claus Rödel, Nikolaos Tselis, Franz Rödel
Cancers. 2021; 13(22): 5748
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282 Insights of RKIP-Derived Suppression of Prostate Cancer
Ying Dong, Xiaozeng Lin, Anil Kapoor, Yan Gu, Hui Xu, Pierre Major, Damu Tang
Cancers. 2021; 13(24): 6388
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283 Natural and Synthetic Estrogens in Chronic Inflammation and Breast Cancer
Chandra K. Maharjan, Jiao Mo, Lei Wang, Myung-Chul Kim, Sameul Wang, Nicholas Borcherding, Praveen Vikas, Weizhou Zhang
Cancers. 2021; 14(1): 206
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284 Molecular Action of Polyphenols in Leukaemia and Their Therapeutic Potential
Hamza A. Alaswad, Amani A. Mahbub, Christine L. Le Maitre, Nicola Jordan-Mahy
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(6): 3085
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285 RAAS: A Convergent Player in Ischemic Heart Failure and Cancer
Texali C. Garcia-Garduño, Jorge R. Padilla-Gutierrez, Diego Cambrón-Mora, Yeminia Valle
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(13): 7106
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286 Therapeutic Potential of Jasmonic Acid and Its Derivatives
Iwona Jarocka-Karpowicz, Agnieszka Markowska
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(16): 8437
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287 An Insight into Anti-Inflammatory Activities and Inflammation Related Diseases of Anthocyanins: A Review of Both In Vivo and In Vitro Investigations
Zilong Ma, Bin Du, Jun Li, Yuedong Yang, Fengmei Zhu
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(20): 11076
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288 The Role of the Immune System in IBD-Associated Colorectal Cancer: From Pro to Anti-Tumorigenic Mechanisms
Sofía Frigerio, Dalia A. Lartey, Geert R. D’Haens, Joep Grootjans
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(23): 12739
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289 Nutraceuticals and Cancer: Potential for Natural Polyphenols
Jessica Maiuolo, Micaela Gliozzi, Cristina Carresi, Vincenzo Musolino, Francesca Oppedisano, Federica Scarano, Saverio Nucera, Miriam Scicchitano, Francesca Bosco, Roberta Macri, Stefano Ruga, Antonio Cardamone, Annarita Coppoletta, Annachiara Mollace, Francesco Cognetti, Vincenzo Mollace
Nutrients. 2021; 13(11): 3834
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290 Jasmonate Compounds and Their Derivatives in the Regulation of the Neoplastic Processes
Iwona Jarocka-Karpowicz, Agnieszka Markowska
Molecules. 2021; 26(10): 2901
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291 Sweet Cherries as Anti-Cancer Agents: From Bioactive Compounds to Function
Lara R. S. Fonseca, Gonçalo R. Silva, Ângelo Luís, Henrique J. Cardoso, Sara Correia, Cátia V. Vaz, Ana P. Duarte, Sílvia Socorro
Molecules. 2021; 26(10): 2941
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292 New Insights into Molecular Mechanism behind Anti-Cancer Activities of Lycopene
Boon-Peng Puah, Juriyati Jalil, Ali Attiq, Yusof Kamisah
Molecules. 2021; 26(13): 3888
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293 Targeting Inflammation by Anthocyanins as the Novel Therapeutic Potential for Chronic Diseases: An Update
Aleksandra Kozlowska, Tomasz Dzierzanowski
Molecules. 2021; 26(14): 4380
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294 New Series of Pyrazoles and Imidazo-Pyrazoles Targeting Different Cancer and Inflammation Pathways
Maria Grazia Signorello, Federica Rapetti, Elda Meta, Adama Sidibè, Olga Bruno, Chiara Brullo
Molecules. 2021; 26(19): 5735
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295 Anti-Gastritis and Anti-Lung Injury Effects of Pine Tree Ethanol Extract Targeting Both NF-?B and AP-1 Pathways
Seung A Kim, Jieun Oh, Se Rin Choi, Choong Hwan Lee, Byoung-Hee Lee, Mi-Nam Lee, Mohammad Amjad Hossain, Jong-Hoon Kim, Sarah Lee, Jae Youl Cho
Molecules. 2021; 26(20): 6275
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296 Receptor-Interacting Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase-2 as a Potential Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Cancer
Rola F. Jaafar, Zeid Ibrahim, Karim Ataya, Joelle Hassanieh, Natasha Ard, Walid Faraj
Medicina. 2021; 57(7): 709
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297 Nanocarriers as a Tool for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Ana Luiza C. de S. L. Oliveira, Timo Schomann, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, Ellen Kapiteijn, Luis J. Cruz, Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Junior
Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(8): 1321
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298 Exosomes as a New Delivery Vehicle in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(10): 1644
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299 Evaluation of Anti-Cancer Activity of Gryllus bimaculatus Water Extract on Non-Small Cancer Lung Cell via Apoptosis
Hyun Jung Lim, Eui-Hong Byun
Preventive Nutrition and Food Science. 2021; 26(4): 453
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300 Immunomodulatory Activity of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis in LPS-Stimulated Mouse Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells
Uoorakkottil Ilyas, Deepshikha P. Katare, Punnoth Poonkuzhi Naseef, Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan, Muhammed Elayadeth-Meethal, Vidhu Aeri
Separations. 2021; 8(9): 129
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301 The Impact of Immune Checkpoint-Inhibitors Therapy in Urinary Bladder Cancer
Ana Lúcia Silva, Pedro Abreu-Mendes, Diana Martins, Fernando Mendes
Onco. 2021; 1(1): 3
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302 Persistent Small Bowel Obstruction due to Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Orlando Fleites, Stephanie S Pelenyi, Charles K Lee, Christopher A Wisnik, Ammarah Tariq, Ameen Abdel-Khalek, Frederick M Tiesenga
Cureus. 2021;
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303 Mediators of extracellular matrix degradation and inflammation: A new team of possible biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma stage
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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2021; 22(2)
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304 In vitro assessment of the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of a novel dietary supplement
Ionela Popescu, Elena Codrici, Simona Mihai, Cristina-Mihaela Luntraru, Mihaela Neagu, Cristiana Tanase
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2021; 22(4)
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305 Opioids in cancer: The ?-opioid receptor (Review)
Qier Zhou, Zhiwei Zhang, Songkai Long, Wanjun Li, Baiyun Wang, Na Liang
Molecular Medicine Reports. 2021; 25(2)
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306 Hyperinsulinemia in Obesity, Inflammation, and Cancer
Anni M.Y. Zhang, Elizabeth A. Wellberg, Janel L. Kopp, James D. Johnson
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal. 2021; 45(3): 285
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307 Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer
Kalyan Saginala, Adam Barsouk, John Sukumar Aluru, Prashanth Rawla, Sandeep Anand Padala, Alexander Barsouk
Medical Sciences. 2020; 8(1): 15
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308 Epidemiology, Staging and Management of Prostate Cancer
Adam Barsouk, Sandeep Anand Padala, Anusha Vakiti, Azeem Mohammed, Kalyan Saginala, Krishna Chaitanya Thandra, Prashanth Rawla, Alexander Barsouk
Medical Sciences. 2020; 8(3): 28
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309 Andrographolide, an Anti-Inflammatory Multitarget Drug: All Roads Lead to Cellular Metabolism
Rafael Agustín Burgos, Pablo Alarcón, John Quiroga, Carolina Manosalva, Juan Hancke
Molecules. 2020; 26(1): 5
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310 The Adenosine System at the Crossroads of Intestinal Inflammation and Neoplasia
Vanessa D’Antongiovanni, Matteo Fornai, Carolina Pellegrini, Laura Benvenuti, Corrado Blandizzi, Luca Antonioli
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(14): 5089
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311 Targeting of CD163+ Macrophages in Inflammatory and Malignant Diseases
Maria K. Skytthe, Jonas Heilskov Graversen, Søren K. Moestrup
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(15): 5497
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312 Chemopreventive Effect of Dietary Anthocyanins against Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspectives
K.V. Surangi Dharmawansa, David W. Hoskin, H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(18): 6555
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313 Fucoxanthin, a Marine-Derived Carotenoid from Brown Seaweeds and Microalgae: A Promising Bioactive Compound for Cancer Therapy
Sarah Méresse, Mostefa Fodil, Fabrice Fleury, Benoît Chénais
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(23): 9273
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314 The Gut Microbiota and Inflammation: An Overview
Zahraa Al Bander, Marloes Dekker Nitert, Aya Mousa, Negar Naderpoor
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(20): 7618
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315 Comorbidity in Older Patients Hospitalized with Cancer in Northeast China based on Hospital Discharge Data
Xiao-Min Mu, Wei Wang, Fang-Yi Wu, Yu-Ying Jiang, Ling-ling Ma, Jia Feng
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(21): 8028
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316 Dietary Flavonoids in p53—Mediated Immune Dysfunctions Linking to Cancer Prevention
Shoib Sarwar Siddiqui, Sofia Rahman, H.P. Vasantha Rupasinghe, Cijo George Vazhappilly
Biomedicines. 2020; 8(8): 286
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317 Natural Compounds with Potential to Modulate Cancer Therapies and Self-Reactive Immune Cells
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Cancers. 2020; 12(3): 673
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318 Proteoglycans in the Pathogenesis of Hormone-Dependent Cancers: Mediators and Effectors
George Tzanakakis, Eirini-Maria Giatagana, Andrey Kuskov, Aikaterini Berdiaki, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Monica Neagu, Dragana Nikitovic
Cancers. 2020; 12(9): 2401
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319 Lactobacillus Attenuate the Progression of Pancreatic Cancer Promoted by Porphyromonas Gingivalis in K-rasG12D Transgenic Mice
Shan-Ming Chen, Li-Jin Hsu, Hsiang-Lin Lee, Ching-Pin Lin, Szu-Wei Huang, Caucasus Jun-Lin Lai, Chia-Wei Lin, Wan-Ting Chen, Yu-Jen Chen, Yu-Chien Lin, Chi-Chieh Yang, Ming-Shiou Jan
Cancers. 2020; 12(12): 3522
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320 The Role of CDK5 in Tumours and Tumour Microenvironments
Phuong Anh Do, Chang Hoon Lee
Cancers. 2020; 13(1): 101
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321 Cytokines/Chemokines: Potential Biomarkers for Non-paraneoplastic Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis
Jingwen Liu, Lei Liu, Wenting Kang, Gongxin Peng, Di Yu, Qiuying Ma, Yatong Li, Yan Zhao, Lin Li, Feifei Dai, Jiawei Wang
Frontiers in Neurology. 2020; 11
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322 Mini Review: Opposing Pathologies in Cancer and Alzheimer's Disease: Does the PI3K/Akt Pathway Provide Clues?
Rachel M. Barker, Jeff M. P. Holly, Kalina M. Biernacka, Shelley J. Allen-Birt, Claire M. Perks
Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2020; 11
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323 Germacrone: A Potent Secondary Metabolite with Therapeutic Potential in Metabolic Diseases, Cancer and Viral Infections
Ammara Riaz, Azhar Rasul, Nazia Kanwal, Ghulam Hussain, Muhammad Ajmal Shah, Iqra Sarfraz, Rubab Ishfaq, Rabia Batool, Fariha Rukhsar, Sevki Adem
Current Drug Metabolism. 2020; 21(14): 1079
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324 Health Impacts of a Traditional Illicit Brew (Kaanga) Consumed in Meru County, Kenya
Atuna Titus Gitari, Osano Aloys, Bakari Chaka, Bulitia Godrick
European Journal of Environment and Public Health. 2020; 5(1): em0065
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325 Investigation of the neutrophil/lymphocyte and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios in differentiated thyroid cancers
Kenan ÇADIRCI, Faruk YILDIZ, Havva KESKIN, Muharrem BAYRAK, Hilal KIZILTUNC OZMEN, Senay ARIKAN DURMAZ, Ayse ÇARLIOGLU
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326

Dynamic Changes in the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predict the Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization
Hongyu Wang, Chuyang Lin, Wenzhe Fan, Jiang Zhang, Yingqiang Zhang, Wang Yao, Jiaping Li
Cancer Management and Research. 2020; Volume 12: 3433
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327 Nano drug delivery systems in upper gastrointestinal cancer therapy
Julia Salapa, Allison Bushman, Kevin Lowe, Joseph Irudayaraj
Nano Convergence. 2020; 7(1)
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328 Interleukin-1ß und pro-tumorale Inflammation – Zentrale Faktoren bei der Entstehung von Krebserkrankungen
Sebastian Kobold, Martin Reck
Oncology Research and Treatment. 2020; 43(3): 6
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329 Potent anti-inflammatory Terminalia chebula fruit showed in vitro anticancer activity on lung and breast carcinoma cells through the regulation of Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-cascade pathways
Anil Khushalrao Shendge, Rhitajit Sarkar, Nripendranath Mandal
Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2020; 44(12)
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330 Carotenoid isolates of Spondias mombin demonstrate anticancer effects in DMBA-induced breast cancer in Wistar rats through X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) antagonism and anti-inflammation
Damilohun Samuel Metibemu, Oluseyi Adeboye Akinloye, Adio Jamiu Akamo, Jude Ogechukwu Okoye, David Ajiboye Ojo, Eric Morifi, Idowu Olaposi Omotuyi
Journal of Food Biochemistry. 2020; 44(12)
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331 Inflammation and Inflammasomes: Pros and Cons in Tumorigenesis
Liliana R. Balahura, Aida Selaru, Sorina Dinescu, Marieta Costache
Journal of Immunology Research. 2020; 2020: 1
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332 Association of interleukin-6 gene polymorphisms with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
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Medicine. 2020; 99(50): e23659
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333 Correlation of D-xylose with severity and morbidity-related factors of COVID-19 and possible therapeutic use of D-xylose and antibiotics for COVID-19
Antony Cheudjeu
Life Sciences. 2020; 260: 118335
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334 3a-Angeloyloxy-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic Acid Isolated from Wedelia trilobata L. Alleviates Xylene-Induced Mouse Ear Edema and Inhibits NF-?B and MAPK Pathway in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages
Jingwen Xu, Lei Zhou, Lianlian Sun, Zhe Wang, Yi Wang, Yihai Wang, Xiangjiu He
Journal of Natural Products. 2020; 83(12): 3726
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335 Oleandrin: A bioactive phytochemical and potential cancer killer via multiple cellular signaling pathways
Nazia Kanwal, Azhar Rasul, Ghulam Hussain, Haseeb Anwar, Muhammad Ajmal Shah, Iqra Sarfraz, Ammara Riaz, Rabia Batool, Muhammad Shahbaz, Arif Hussain, Zeliha Selamoglu
Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2020; 143: 111570
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336 An evaluation on potential anti-inflammatory effects of ß-lapachone
Narmin Mokarizadeh, Pouran Karimi, Hamid Kazemzadeh, Nazila Fathi Maroufi, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad, Saba Nikanfar, Nadereh Rashtchizadeh
International Immunopharmacology. 2020; 87: 106810
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337 Mechanisms of NLRP3 priming in inflammaging and age related diseases
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Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. 2020; 55: 15
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338 Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine and inflammation: Another homeostatic property?
Abdelaziz Ghanemi, Mayumi Yoshioka, Jonny St-Amand
Cytokine. 2020; 133: 155179
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339 Modern menstruation: Is it abnormal and unhealthy?
Norman D. Goldstuck
Medical Hypotheses. 2020; 144: 109955
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340 Is the presence of lung injury in COVID-19 an independent risk factor for secondary lung cancer?
Shao-Lin Tao, Xue-mei Wang, Yong-geng Feng, Po-ming Kang, Qing-yuan Li, Tian-yu Sun, Qun-you Tan, Bo Deng
Medical Hypotheses. 2020; 143: 110074
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341 Association between dietary inflammatory index and upper aerodigestive tract cancer risk: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
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Oral Oncology. 2020; 103: 104587
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342 Resistin: An inflammatory cytokine with multi-faceted roles in cancer
Sarabjeet Kour Sudan, Sachin Kumar Deshmukh, Teja Poosarla, Nicolette Paolaungthong Holliday, Donna Lynn Dyess, Ajay Pratap Singh, Seema Singh
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer. 2020; 1874(2): 188419
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343 The P2X7 purinergic receptor: a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer
Qianqian Li, Xiaodi Zhu, Wei Song, Xiaoxiang Peng, Ronglan Zhao
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology. 2020; 146(11): 2731
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344 Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Inhibits Migration of Lewis Lung Carcinoma Cells by Suppressing Macrophage Polarization toward an M2 Phenotype
Shin-Hyung Park
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